This course examines the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) through the lens of its proclaimed risk-based regulatory approach. While the Act aims to balance innovation and oversight by avoiding over-regulation, the course critically explores where its provisions fall short of this goal. Participants will analyze how the AI Act can be more effectively implemented to align with its original intent and how its existing mechanisms offer potential for future-proof, adaptable legislation. The course also highlights key takeaways for global policymakers seeking to regulate AI based on risk and proportionality.